Hypoxämie

Rapid Reference

• Hypoxämie = PaO2↓ / Hypoxie = O2↓ im Gewebe

DD

1. Shunt: “Crap in Alveoli”, z.B. Pneumonie, Lungenödem, Atelektasen, Hämoptysen
2. V/Q-Mismatch (Totraum): LAE, Emphysem, pHTN, sonst. Schock, exzess. PEEP
3. Diffusionsdefekt: Lungenfibrose
4. Hypopnoe/Apnoe
5. Höhenkrankheit FiO2 <21%

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• Hypoxie Arten
  1. Hypoxemic Hypoxia: Blood oxygen is low, so tissues get less oxygen. (e.g., severe pneumonia)
  2. Anemic Hypoxia: Low hemoglobin levels mean less oxygen-carrying capacity, even if oxygen levels are normal. (e.g., hemorrhage, hemolysis)
  3. Ischemic Hypoxia: Blood flow to tissues is blocked or reduced. (e.g., MI, stroke, severe shock)
  4. Histotoxic Hypoxia: Oxygen delivery is normal, but tissues can’t use it. (e.g., carbon monoxide or cyanide poisoning)
• Hypoxämie
  • FiO2↑↑ (NRB), wenn SpO2↓ refraktär = i.d.R. Shunt-Physiologie → PPV/HFNC notwendig